Air-cooled wall



June 19, 1928. 1,674,422

G. ALLEN, JR., ET AL AIR COOLED WALL Filed May 20, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 avwentod, M, M m C 351 flbtwnwq June 19, 1928.

G. ALLEN, JR., ET AL AIR COOLED WALL Filed May 20, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 avwenfow. at Z raw M M btozmeq June 19, 1928. 1,674,422

G. ALLEN, JR., ET Al...

AIR COOLED WALL Filed May 20, 1927 5 Sheets-=Sheet 4 M a Zia I 17 a! 15 i I .1 43

F 4 3 i 1 I 7 l i; :i 47 7 is 42 f; :i I I 1' 46/ H I 7 I 4 fig 15 I ss i- 4 36 1! 4g anvemtou g M. M C/Qw/ f uzc 3391 GU 13 June 19, 1928.

G. ALLEN, JR; ET AL AIR S'OOLED WALL Filed May 20, 1927 5 nsmeas smet 5 Patented June 19, 1928, V

1 ,674,422 PATENT OFFICE GEORGE ALLE .13., or NEW YORK, N. Y., AND FREDRICK c. SIMPSON, or WEST SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS T0 GEORGE ALLEN & SoN, A FIRM coN- SISTING or JANE ALLEN, WILLIAM ALLEN, AND enonen ALLEN, JR, ALL'OI' NEW YORK, N. 'Y.'

AIR-cooLEn WALL.

Applicaticm flled May 20, 1927. Serial No. 193,021.

. Our-invention relates to improvements in aircooled walls and in accessories necessary tothe construction of the improved wall. The invention comprises a wall having two parts spaced apart to leave an air space between them, and certain devices, accesseries and parts wl'iiclrare used in making the wall.v The objects of the invention are generally to produce a Wall of thischaracter which can be rapidly, economically and accurately built, in which the horizontal sections of one wall part are supported from the other part, and in which hangers are arranged so as to be supported on one part of the wall and carry sections of the opposed part of the wall, while atthe same time acting as'a gageto enable the second part of the wall to be rapidly and accurately made. This arrangement also is carried out in such a way that the several wall sections provide for free vertical expansion of the castings which support them.

and higher efficiency from the refractories The wall is also' intended and it is a prin cipal' object of' the invention to produce a construction which will have a longer life due to '2'- a (a) The inner" wall being supported small sections practically I all superimposed weight. is removed. This will permit of refractories withstanding higher temperathe heated circulating air-is used for com turcs without deforming.

(1)) Higher temperature can -as inner wall is air cooled'. This means higher-furnace efiiciency as refractories will remain 'at lower temperatures than the 1 moulton ash, therefore, will not erode.

. (0) Furnace .1 radiation losses are elimi-' nated as outer wall is kept cool with the circulating air between the two walls; As-

- bustion' this meanshigher over-all efficiency.

The invent-ioniile further intended to arrange the'hangers and supports for one, of

i the wall parts so that they will support this part of the wall: insectionsas hereinafter referred to, and'in -connection with the hanging elements to arrange and'construct v the tile and'brick so that-[any particular section" of the "wall can-be easily repaired without taking 'down'any'large part of the Y wall.

I be obtained 6-6 of Figure 3.

The invention is further intended to pmg duce the hanging elements referred to in In practice we use our improved wall in boiler settings to great advantage, and in the drawings we have shown this applica-- tion of the structure, but the wall can be built to advantage for any other purpose where an air cooled wall is desirable. These and other advantages will appear more clearly from the description which follows.

I Reference, is to be had to the-accompanying drawings forming a part of this'specificatlon, in which similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts in all the views. v

Figure 1 is a broken vertical section of a wall embodying our invention shown as a boiler setting. I

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1' but showing a modified construction at the top of the wall.

Figure 3 is a broken enlarged detail cross section of the wall partly dia rammatic,

Figure 5 is a broken detail plan of one of %he hanging elements and the support thereor. j

Figure 6 is a cross section on .the line Figure 7 a is a' detail perspective acover plate used in connect hanging elements.

Figure '8 is an enlarged detail of wall construction shown in Figure 2.

Figure 9 is a broken face view of a section ofthe'wall. j

Figure 10 is a vertical broken Section of a slightly modified wall construction.

Figure 11 is a sectional planofthe structure shown in Fi'gurelO.

view of the top showing the hanging elements an their connections Figure 4 is a vertical section on theline 4-4 of Figure 3. I

ion with they 16 abutting with the wall will cause the is a broken detail perspective diagrammatic, showing two of and the baflles sup-- Figure 12 view partly the hanging elements ported by them.

Figu're13 is a sect on on the hue 13-13 of Figure 9, and

Figure 14 is a section on the line 1414 of Figure 9. I

The wall embodying our invention comprises two parts 10 and 11 which maybe made'of any suitable material, usually brick, tile, or the like, these parts being spaced apart to leave an air space 12 between them at necessary intervals. On one wall member, in the'present instance the outer wall member 10, are arranged horizontal supports 13 which can conveniently be channel iron, and at intervals on the inner surface ofth wall 10 and just above the supports 13, notches or spaces 14 are left to accommodate the hooks 15 at the upper end of the hanging elements which are used to bind the two wall parts together, and to carry sections of the second wall part, that is the part 11. These hooks 15and their connectedparts 16 and 17 are preferably of I- beam cross section as shown, as this makes them light and strong, but this particular cross sectional shape can be departed from.

Each hook 15 is preferably shaped so as to tit on over the inner flange of a support 13, and the surface of the shank 16 below where it merges with the hook 15 and on the side next the wall 10, is left parallel with the wall as shown at 16 so that when the hook is in place as in Figure 3, this surface remainder of the hanging element to assume a correct and stable position.

The shank 16 extends obliquely downward from the hook 15 and merges in a vertical member 17 which at its lower end has a shelf 18 horizontally arranged, andv it will be noticed that the parts 16' and 17 are parallel, and the transverse distance between the planes of these parts corresponds to the wall space between the wall parts 10 and 11. It will be seen that when the hook 15 is in the position shown in Figure 3, the member 17 will'hang in parallel relation to the wall 10 and enable the sections of the wall 11 to be laid with referenceto the member 17, and thus the work canbe rapidly and accurately done. The shelf 18 has a projecti'n portion 18? which is adapted to abutwitii the inner surface of the wall 10. Thus it will be seen that when the hanging element is in place with its hook engaged as shown, and the surface 16' abutting with the innersurface of the wall part 10, and the shelf 18 also abutting but at a lower level with; the wall10, the part 17 will form a very accurate gage for 'buildinv the sections of a wall.

It will be noticed further that by having the member 17 hung at a lower level than the hook 15 suspended bythe ob lique memberor shank 16, the hanging ele--l ment as a whole will by gravity at once assume its correct position.

Each helf 18 has .an opening 19 vertically therethrough, around the edge of which is a strengthen ng flange 20, the flange at. opposite sides being inturned as at 20', leaving a slot through one edgeot the shelf 18.. At

the back of the flange 20 and extending 1 across the shell' is a ledge 21 which t'z-icilitates the application of a plate 22 to the hole or opening 19, this also serving to assist in locking the parts together, as will present'ly-ap-- ear. Each hook 15 has also at a point where the hook "extends through the shelf 18 of an adjacent hook, and on each side, a ledge or flange 15" (see Figures 6 and 1.2). V'Vhen the hook of one hanging element is extended through the hole 19 of another ele 3 ment, the parts 15? will lock behind" the flanges 20 and serve the double purpose of closing the air opening through the "shelf 18 and the channels of'the hook 15', and oflocking the'hook of one hanger to the shelf-"9e" of another, this making a firm bond between them."

The cover plate 22is arranged toextend between the'flanges 20, and it has at-one end offset flanges 23 and 24, so that the 5:"

latter will lie on the ledge 21'with thepart 23 abutting the edge of the ledge (see Figare 3), and at its opposite end, the cover."

is slotted as at 25, and'has tongues 25 to straddle the hook 15 of an adjacent'hanger 0 when the hook of the hanger below is. ex-j tended through the shelf, the air draft through theshelf or around the hook is sealed, and at thesame time the two hanging) elements are firmly locked together, and as the shelves of the hanging elements are built into one part of the aircooled wall, the two parts of-thewall are firmly bonded and strengthened; 4

After. the hangers have been applied as stated, and the wall 11. built up as will be presently described, fire brick 53 of the right dimensions are laid on the shelves 18 .of adjacent hanging elements so' as' to 12a close the space-1'12 horizontally, andthus-the fire brick and the arrangementiiust described, in connection. with the shelves .18, form a seriesof ductsthrough which the air can circulate, while at the same-time the transverse arrangement of the. fire brick 53 and the hanging elements' combine to" make the wall verystrong"; It will be no.- ticed that the arrangement for hanging the wall sections provides for a series of short m,

horizontal sections and that the hooks-15 to the shank 16 at the point just above thepart 17. In some cases, however, another form of hanger is better suited to the to of the wall. For example in Figures 2 an 8 we have shown the upper hanging element having the member 17 provided with an essentially vertical hook 28 having in one side an opening 29 to fit over one flange of an I beam 30 which is arranged above the air cooled wall in a manner common to many structures. On the opposite flange of the I beam a clip 31 is arranged, and a bolt 32 clamps the clip 21 and hook 28 to the I beam, thus supporting the upper hanging element.

For the most part the usual wall tile or brick can be used in making our improved wall, but at points opposite the shelves 18 and between these parts of the hanging elements especially, bridging tiles are used, and also special tiles can be used in the wall 11-to enable it to be easily laid and repaired. For example tiles 33 can be arranged at the top of each section of a wall 11 and just below the shelf 18, and particularly the part 18' thereof, the tiles at this point being reduced in thickness as shown at 34 in Figure 3 so as to leave a clear space between this part of the tile and the shelf 18 to provide for the expansion of the wall. Directly above the tile 33 is an L shaped tile 35 which has the longer leg resting on the part 18 of the shelf 18, and has a part 36 overlapping the tile 33 and spaced therefrom as shown at 37 in Figure 8. Between the tiles 33 (see Figures 8 and 9) are tiles 37 having shoulders 38 overlapping the tiles 33, and fitting between the tiles 36 so as to leave a space 39 between the tiles 37' and the tiles 40 and 41. Thus the sections of the wall 11 are spaced apart by the several tiles and the shelves 18, so that the wall can expand without displacing any of the hanging elements, and the brick or tile used seen that we havedevised a simple air cooled above the bridging tiles 40 and 41 referred to and at each section of the wall 11 are and should preferably be as shown in Figures 13 and 14, so that a section of the wall can be easily repaired by taking out some of these brick. As shown in Fig. 9 this arrangement of the tiles or refractory blocks 33. 33, 37 forms a toothed horizontal expan-:

sion joint, the horizontal length of the joints is short, and by reason of the toothed or interlocking arrangement it ofi'ers strong resistance to heat or fire erosion at this point. In these figures it will be seen that the tile or .brick 54' and 55 have each on one side and vertically arranged, a boss 54, and.

on the opposite side a corresponding socket 55, so that the boss 54 of one brick will fit in the socket 55 of the next. When these are laid in the wall, the alternate courses are ,reversed, that is to say as shown in Figure 13, the bosses of the several brick are on the left side and the sockets on the right side, but the next course, as; in Figure 14, has the bricks turned the other side up so as to bring the bosses 54 at the opposite side and thus joints between the courses are easily broken, while at the same time the brick can be easily laid and as easily I renliloved in case it is necessary to repair the wa For example in Figure 1, we have shown by heavy lines 9 and three tiles or brickfrom successive layers, and for a vertical space including two ledges 18 of the hanging elements, it is possible to remove said hanging elements and, adjacent parts and repair the wall, by disrupting only a small part of -it..

The hanging elements and tile can then be easily restored.

-We have shown conventional inner and outer walls 10 and 11 except for the special tiles at certain points, and in Figures 10 and 11 we have shown another type to illustrate the fact that the two parts of the wall can be made in any preferred way. As here shownon'e wall part 42 has supports43 for how by removing two the hanging elements, which supports are'in tile, has only heat insulating s eets outside,

to wit: the plates 44' and 45, with a filling 46 of concrete or the likebetweenthem, the opposed plates bein united by bolts 47. One set of plates 45, or example, is attached to the support 43' as shown at .48, and space 49 is left for the hooks 15 of the hanging elements. After the wall is laid this space can be filled in with lastic insulating material. The wall 42 can be attached to an adjacent I vertical beam 50 b means of plates 51 which are bolted to t e I beam and to the wall plate. a

From the foregoing description it will be It will be noticed that the wall which we have shown and described is constructed in such a way that the refractor wall is supported in sections. This is one to allow for expansion of materials in the wall and to reduce the superimposed weight to a minimum. It will be noted that the first refractory block on the wall supporting hangers has only to support the weight of the few blocks in the section approximately the height of the hanger. This means that whatever the total height of the wall the first block on the hangers never supports more than the height of its particular sec-- tion, excepting when these blocks are used to support t e front part of a solid wall above the air cooled portion of the walls; that the refractories, that is the fire bricks of the wall, are free to expand in every direction; that the wall is constructed so that it will not leak air or gases and that as it is carried in independent sections the refractories can be easily replaced; that the supporting metal parts are cast or shaped so as to anchor the refractories in place; that the han ing elements can be easily removed or isplaced without disturbin other elements; that the efficiency of a boil er enclosed in such a wall is increased because furnace radiation is lessened by wall cooling air passing between outer and inner wall. In practice this air is used for combustion and there is no loss of heat as it is returned to the furnace.

We claim 1. An air cooled wall comprising opposed wall parts in spaced parallel relation, vertically aligning hanging elements connecting the two wall parts and supporting sections of one wall part, said elements each having a hook to engage one wall part, and a shelf with an opening therethrough to receive the hook of a second hanging element.

2. An air cooled wall comprising opposed wall parts in spaced parallel relation, and hanging elements one above the other connecting the two wall parts, each element having a hook to engage one wall part, a shelf to engage and support the second wall part, said shelf having one opening therethrough for the passage of the hook of the second hanging element, and means for locking the aforesaid shelf of one hanging element to the hook of a second hanging element.

3. An air cooled wall having opposed parts in spaced parallel relation, and hanging elements connecting the two wall parts, each hanging element having a hook to engage one wall part and a shelf to support and engage a section of the second wall part, said shelf having an opening therethrough to receive the-hook of the second hanging element, and a cover plate to close the opening through said shelf and lock the shelf to the hook of the second hanging element.

4. An' air cooled wall having opposed parts in spaced parallel relation, hanging elements supported on one wall and having shelves carrying sections of the opposite wall part, the wall members extending beneath the shelves in a manner to leave a space and also projecting above the shelves, wall members supported on the shelves and overlapping the first wall members, and bridging tiles between the shelves and connected with the first mentioned wall members.

5. In a structure of the kind described, the hanging element having a hook to engage one wall part, a shelf suspended from the hook and adapted to engage a second wall part, said shelf also extending transversely beneath the hook and having an opening therethrough, and a ledge on the hook adapted to enter and close the opening in the shelf of an adjacent hook.

6. In a structure of the kind described, the hanging element comprising a hook adapted to be suspended on a wall and carrying a shelf adapted to extend between two wall parts, said shelf having an opening theret rough and a flange around the opening, and a transverse ledge projecting from the side of the hook whereby the ledge of one hook will enter the opening in the shelf of an adjacent hook, and engage the flange of said opening thereby locking the engaged parts together.

7. In a structure of the kind described, the hanging element comprising a hook, a shelf suspended from the hook and having a flanged opening therethrough, a ledge on the hook adapted to enter the opening of an adjacent hook and engage said flange of the opening, and a cover plate adapted to close the opening through said shelf and lock against the hook of a second hanging element when the latter is extending through said opening.

8. In a structure of the kind described, the hanging element comprising a hook, a supporting member rigidly connected to the hook. but spaced apart therefrom and below said hook, a slotted shelf on the supporting member having abutments on each side of the slot, and a ledge on the hook whereby when a hook of one element is pushed through the slotted shelf of another, the aforesaid ledge will seat against the said abutments and also serve as a closure for the slot.

9. In a structure of the kind described, the hanging element comprising a hook, a supporting member below and rigidly connected with the hook, a shelf on the supporting member having a slot from one edge inward and a flange around the slot. a ledge on the hook whereby the ledge will. engage the flange and partly close the slot when the hook of one element is thrust through the shelf of another, and a cover plate for the flanged opening of the shelf.

Inn

10. In a structure of the kind'described, the hanging element comprising a hook, a suspended supporting member rigidly connected to the hook and provided with a slotted shelf, and a ledge on the hook extendin .transversely therefrom.

11. n a structure of the kind described the combination v with the hanging element having a shelf with a flanged opening therethrough, of a detachable cover partly fitting upon the flange and adapted to partly close the opening through the shelf.

12. The combination with the hook, the supporting plate connected therewith, and the shelf on the supporting plate having a flange around the opening, of a led e on the hook adapted to abut with the said flange when the hook is thrust through the shelf of a second hanging element, and a cover plate shaped to abut with the aforesaid ledge and lie on the flange of the said opening, thereby closing said shelf opening.

13. In a structure of the kind described, the hanging element comprising a hook having a downwardly and obliquely extending shank, a supporting member on the shank, a. shelf on the supporting member, and a second shelf parallel with the first and extending across the hook shank.

14. An air cooled wall, comprising opposed wall parts in spaced parallel relation,

vertically aligning hanging elements connecting the two wall parts and supporting sections of one wall part, said elements each having a hook to engage one wall part, a shelf with an opening therethrough to receive the hook of a second hanging element, and means for fastening adjacent hanging elements to ether.v

15. An alr cooled wall comprising opposed wall parts in spaced parallel relation,

anging elements supported on one wall part and supporting sections of the second wall art, and interlocking blocks connecting t e meeting sections 0 the second wall part and forming expansion joints.

16. In a wall construction, a lurality of hanging elements, each of said 0 ements having a elf adapted to support a. section of 'April, 1927.

said wall, said section consistin of a plurality of coursesof brick, a brick in each course being interlocked with said element to prevent lateral displacement of said brick, an a second brick in each course interlocking with said first mentioned brick and a brick in an adjacent section. 1

17. A wall as claimed in claim 16, said firstmentioned brick having a vertical slot offset with respect to the center of the brick forlocking engagement with said elements, said center being offset with respect to the center of the next lower brick.

-walls, overlapping wall members above and below said shelves, and spacing blocks interposed between said members, said blocks bein adapted to overlap the lower of said memliers and abut the upper of said members.

19. An air cooled wall having opposed wall parts in spaced relation, a pluralityof hanging elements connecting the wall parts, each of said hanging elements being adapted to support a section of one of said wall parts, and means cooperating with adjacent hanging elements to hold said elements in locked relation.

20. An air cooled wall having opposed wall parts in spaced relation, a plurality of hanging elements connecting the wall parts, said hangin elements bemg in vertical alignment a apted to support sections of one of said walls, each of said elements being provided at one end with a hook portion and at its other end with a laterally offset shelf, whereby the hook portion of oneof said elements is positioned contiguous andin horizontal alignment with the shelf of an adjacent element.

In testimony whereof we have signed our, names to this specification this 28th day of GEORGE ALLEN JR. FREDRICK o. SIMPSON. 

